This Month in Medicine – January 2026
On the 22 January, NICE (National Institute of Health and Care Excellence) were happy to announce that they had approved a new combination treatment for lupus nephritis for NHS use. This treatment involves the twice-yearly infusion of Obinutuzumab, combined with immunosuppressant tablets. Obinutuzumab is a monoclonal antibody which “quiets down” the immune system by targeting pre-B and mature B lymphocytes, both of which play a central role in lupus at multiple stages. For instance, with lupus, autoreactive pre-B cells are not detected by the body. This results in autoantibody production, which ultimately causes the tissue damage and inflammation seen in lupus nephritis. As lupus is an autoimmune condition, the use of immunosuppressants further prevents the immune system from attacking the body. “Clinical trials showed 46% of patients achieved normal or near normal kidney function, compared with just 33% on existing treatment alone, which is usually an immunosuppressant tablet.” Claims NICE. It is estimated that up to 60% of those diagnosed with lupus will have their kidneys affected by it, so this new development is very much uplifting.
On January 24th, the NHS announced that they had developed a genetics programme where genetic testing will be offered to those with cancer in their family history. Those identified with an inherited risk will be added to a register so that they will be able to better access testing (e.g. being offered routine testing) and they will be given specialised advice on how to reduce their risk of developing their inherited cancer. This programme is the first of its kind in the world and will hopefully pioneer an era of early cancer detection worldwide.
In addition to this, on January 16th, an article on the NHS website was published indicating that thousands of men with prostate cancer will now be offered a “life-extending drug” within weeks. The drug in question is Abiraterone acetate, which is a hormone therapy which works by blocking testosterone production. Testosterone is a hormone required by prostate cancer cells to grow, so Abiraterone starves the cancer cells of what they need to grow. This treatment existed before, but is only now being offered to more individuals by the NHS thanks to the health service buying treatments at a better value. Research has shown that “the proportion of men alive after six years on abiraterone was 86% compared to 77%." This promising drug will be offered to men whose cancer has not spread in the past three months. As it is deemed a lower-cost generic medicine, this, combined with other lower cost drugs, may allow the NHS to spend money on treatments and resources in future.
In both the UK and US, it has been noted this month that vaccinations are decreasing. MPs have called the decrease in childhood vaccinations a “national disgrace” with the UK losing its measles elimination certificate after the disease had been circulating continuously for over a year. 68% of all cases in 2025 were recorded in children aged 10 and under. To many, this highlights the need for a stronger childhood vaccination policy to maintain coverage at the 95% level required for herd immunity. Meanwhile, across the pond, a measles outbreak has occurred, leading to two fatalities for the first time since 2015. This is a stark contrast to the USA being awarded measles elimination status in 2000. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported over 222 cases in the latest outbreak. Moreover, the Lancet has described a global outbreak, stating that “Pakistan (7148 cases), Thailand (6852), India (6203), Yemen (5000), and Ethiopia (4724) are all facing outbreaks." Although most would encourage implementing a tougher vaccination policy worldwide, others may argue that this challenges certain aspects of medical ethics, particularly autonomy, which emphasises that patients capable of making decisions should choose how they want to be treated, if at all.
All in all, this month in medicine has been a mixed bag. There have been success stories such as the world’s first ever genetics programme for early cancer detection. There has also indeed been less heartening news, especially in other countries, such as tech company Palantir disclosing private health data to ICE agents to help them better find illegal immigrants, going against medical ethics entirely. Medicine is constantly evolving, so let us hope for an even more promising February.
Selina Y12